Organic architecture is a term coined by American architect Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959) which promotes harmony between human habitat and the natural world. That is, the design of an architectural work should understand and integrate into the site and surroundings, becoming a unified composition and correlated with the environment.
Cascade House (Frank Lloyd Wright)
attention of the architect is not limited to the structures and the arrangement of the environment, but extends to psychological problems and life man . Respect for the environment or the use of appropriate building materials become inherent in the human factors. Interior spaces also gain a new awareness.
Asplund, Aalto and schools begin to study the environments of the routes, movements of men and come to the creation of spaces they consider most appropriate, which are given a proper enclosure. Technical and structural solutions must adhere to these spaces, usually resulting in more complicated ways, in this respect, organicism leaves one of the tenets of rationalism, creating change, when properly interpreted, juicier and human achievements.
Therefore, the works of the great architects of organic are much more personal and difficult to imitate. It would be more appropriate to speak of an approach than a style of organic architecture.
soc is known that 
iAge (and architecture) are in a constant state of evolution. The term is adapting to new times and new concerns. At present, it appears that organic architecture has evolved and set the stage for what is now known as sustainable architecture . The economic factor returns to be especially important, as well as social and ecological factor. New technologies and new skills can design the architecture from a new point of view. Sustainability is now looking to use natural resources so as to minimize the environmental impact of buildings on the environment and and the lives of its inhabitants. To this, sustainability must Please note:
-climatic conditions, hydrography and the surrounding ecosystems;
-effectiveness and restraint in the use of materials;
-reducing energy consumption meeting the demand with renewable energy sources;
-minimization of global energy balance of the building, covering the design, construction, use and end-of-life;
-compliance with the requirements of hygrothermal comfort, health, lighting and occupancy of buildings.
Säynätsalo City Council (Alvar Alto)
back at the end of organic architecture, as the exact words of Frank Lloyd Wright in 1939 make clear the link with the term sustainability:
"And here I stand before you preaching organic architecture, organic architecture stating that is the ideal modern education so necessary if we want to see the whole of life, and now serve c onjunto of life, without putting any "tradition" to the great TRADITION. Do not exalt any form fixed on us, whether past, present or future, but exalting the simple laws of common sense or of super-sense, if you will which determines the preferred means by the nature of the material, the nature of the way ... "Form follows function? Yes, but what matters most now is that the form and function are one. "
FL Wright, Organic Architecture, 1939
theorist David Pearson proposed a list of rules on the design of an organic architecture. It is known as the letter of Gaia for organic architecture and design. According to Pearson the design must:
-be inspired by nature and be sustainable, healthy, conservative, and diverse.
-disclose, as a body, inside the seed.
-exist in the "present continuous "and" start repeatedly. "
-tracking flows and be flexible and adaptable.
-social needs, physical, and spirit.
- "grow out of the room" and be unique.
-holding youth, play and surprise.
-express the rhythm of the music and energy of dance. "
Parq Guell (Antonio Gaudi) words, organic architecture is not a style, is a way of seeing and stating the architecture, to feel as if the building were a living thing that adapts to the environment as a plant in nature. In short, to develop a building from an organizational perspective should fulfill 3 basic requirements: 1 .-
Materials should be primarily natural materials (stone, wood, ceramic, preferably ...), which come from the same place where the work is located to minimize the impact to the environment, and better than is available in its most natural state possible. They can also be recycled materials (natural or industrial), or that can be recycled easily later, the idea of \u200b\u200bthis is to use materials in industrial process, or who have demanded a low energy to manufacture. The maximum power saving is a constant in nature, and a the characteristics of this architecture is precisely be a manifestation of nature respecting their laws.
2 .- The spatial and formal conception of the work must be in harmony with their environment and be flexible to changes or modifications induced by:
a) The materials used, which may vary depending on where you site the building and climatic conditions that surround it.
b) The environment and physical reality, that may not be fully understood before the project (like rocks under the ground, trees that "ask" to be incorporated into the work, sheds, etc.). The idea of \u200b\u200bthis is to always go in favor of nature, not against it (with the mania that human beings have wanted to "dominate" nature and do what comes up at all costs regardless of the consequences). We focus natural factors such as an asset rather than as a problem.
3 .- The suitability of the work, should consider heating and ventilation systems, low energy consumption, such as solar, geothermal, etc., With good insulation in walls, windows and roof. Ie optimize the design for efficient habitability and respect for the environment.
"All this without being fundamentalists (or intolerant), as a feature of nature, is its adaptability and tolerance. "
Guggenheim Museum (Frank Lloyd Wright)
Finally we can highlight to countless architects, exponents of the so-called organic architecture. One example is Gustav Stickley, Antoni Gaudi, Frank Lloyd Wright, Alvar Aalto, Louis Sullivan, Bruce Goff, Rudolf Steiner, Bruno Zevi, Hundertwasser, Samuel Flores Flores, Imre Makovecz and Anton Alberts and others.
0 comments:
Post a Comment